Use these options to fix problems with the latest Windows Update and to perform maintenance tasks. Use these options to address issues related to connectivity and file sharing. Use these options to fix issues related to an external device, like a printer or monitor. Click here to troubleshoot issues with applications that were designed for previous versions of Windows. Programs you install can make changes to your system settings , and occasionally this can cause problems with your computer.
System Restore is often the easiest way to fix these problems. System Restore allows you to "rewind" your system settings to an earlier point in time, called a restore point. Keep in mind that this will not erase your recent documents, and it cannot be used to recover lost documents or other files. However, it can uninstall recent programs and drivers. Security and maintenance are ongoing processes, so you should revisit these tools from time to time.
Try to deal with Action Center messages as quickly as possible, and even if you don't have any messages you can always explore the troubleshooters if your computer is running slowly or if something isn't right.
Spending a little bit of time on security and maintenance can help you get the most out of your computer , and it can even save you time in the long run by helping to prevent serious problems. Some programs, like Chrome and Firefox, do this automatically. Other programs will prompt you for an update when you open them. See our guide to updating everything on your Windows computer for more help. Email piles up quickly if you don't stay on top of it.
When your inbox is full of automated newsletters and other junk you don't want, finding messages that are actually important takes longer. Thus, another worthwhile computer maintenance task is to regularly reduce your incoming email by unsubscribing from newsletters you never read. Then set up email filters so only important messages hit your inbox.
Your email app will become a much more pleasant place. Backing up data is a vital part of regular maintenance. While doing so is usually a set-and-forget operation, it's wise to occasionally confirm your backup is operational. Otherwise, you could be in for a nasty surprise if your PC fails.
Open your software of choice and make sure everything is working properly. There's no excuse for not backing up your dataif you haven't set up a backup yet, now's the perfect time. Check out our ultimate Windows backup guide for everything you need to get going. Seasoned Windows users know how the OS builds up cruft over time.
You can't prevent some of this, so it helps to occasionally clean up old data that you're not actively using. Freeing up space can also improve your PC's performance if you're running especially low. To change the priority of a process, right-click the process and click Set Priority. The Task Manager Services tab shows which services are running and which are stopped.
You can stop or start a service or go to a process that depends on that service. If you want more details about or more control over the services available on a computer, you can click Services to access the Services administrative tool. You require elevated privileges to use the Services tool. The Task Manager Networking tab lets you view network usage. The Users tab tells you what users are connected to the computer and lets you disconnect a user.
The Applications tab shows you the running applications and as previously stated enables you to close a crashed application. Open Task Manager. In the Processes tab, right-click the process and click Set Priority.
In Windows 7, you right-click a process and click Set Priority to observe or configure its priority level. In Windows Vista, you click Select Priority. Examiners often test this sort of change to determine whether candidates have properly studied the new operating system or whether they are relying on their experience with the previous one.
Windows 7 offers an enhanced version of the Resource Monitor tool. Windows 7 Resource Monitor allows you to view information about hardware and software resource use in real time. You can filter the results according to the processes or services that you want to monitor. You can also use Resource Monitor to start, stop, suspend, and resume processes and services, and to troubleshoot unresponsive applications.
Resource Monitor always starts in the same location and with the same display options as the previous session. You can save your display state at any time and then open the configuration file to use the saved settings.
However, filtering selections are not saved as part of the configuration settings. The Overview tab, shown in Figure , displays basic system resource usage information. The other tabs display information about each specific resource. If you have filtered results on one tab, only resources used by the selected processes or services are displayed on the other tabs. Filtered results are denoted by an orange bar below the title bar of each table.
Each tab in Resource Monitor includes multiple tables that provide detailed information about the resource featured on that tab. The first table displayed is always the key table, and it contains a complete list of processes using the resource included on that tab.
For example, the key table on the Overview tab contains a complete list of processes running on the system. You can filter the detailed data in tables other than the key table by one or more processes or services. To filter, select the check box in the key table next to each process or service that you want to highlight. To stop filtering for a single process or service, clear its check box. To stop filtering altogether, clear the check box next to Image in the key table.
If you have filtered results, the resources used by the selected processes or services are shown in the graphs as an orange line. You can change the size of the graphs by clicking Views and selecting a different graph size. You can hide the chart pane by clicking the arrow at the top of the pane. To view definitions of data displayed in the tables, move the mouse pointer over the column title about which you want more information.
For example, to identify the network address that a process is connected to, click the Network tab and then click the title bar of TCP Connections to expand the table. Locate the process whose network connection you want to identify. You can then determine the Remote Address and Remote Port columns to see which network address and port the process is connected to. Figure shows the System process is currently connected to IPv4 addresses On the Memory tab, shown in Figure , you can review the memory available to programs.
Available memory is the combined total of standby memory and free memory. Free memory includes zero page memory. Resource Monitor displays real-time information about all the processes running on your system. If you want to view only the data related to selected processes, you can filter the detailed results by selecting the check boxes next to the names of the processes you want to monitor in any of the tabs. Selected processes are moved to the top of the Image column. After you have selected at least one process for filtering, the Associated Handles and Associated Modules tables on the CPU tab contain data related to your selection.
Tables that contain only filtered results include an orange information bar below the title bar of the table. Resource Monitor allows you to end or suspend processes and start, stop, or restart services. You should use Resource Monitor to end a process only if you are unable to close the program by normal means.
If an open program is associated with the process, it closes immediately and you lose any unsaved data. If you end a system process, this might result in system instability and data loss. To end a process, right-click the executable name of the process that you want to end in the Image column of the key table of any Resource Monitor tab and click End Process.
To end all processes dependent on the selected process, click End Process Tree. To resume a process, right-click the executable name of the program that you want to resume, and then click Resume Process. To stop, start, or restart a service using Resource Monitor access the CPU tab and click the title bar of Services to expand the table. Applications that are not responding might be waiting for other processes to finish, or for system resources to become available.
Resource Monitor allows you to view a process wait chain, and to end processes that are preventing a program from working properly. To view the process wait chain, right-click the executable name of the process you want to analyze in the Image column on the key table of any Resource Monitor tab and click Analyze Wait Chain. If the process is running normally and is not waiting for any other processes, no wait chain information is displayed. If, on the other hand, the process is waiting for another process, a tree organized by dependency on other processes is displayed.
If a wait chain tree is displayed, you can end one or more of the processes in the tree by selecting the check boxes next to the process names and clicking End Process. Handles as stated previously in this section are pointers that refer to system elements.
Modules are helper files or programs. They include but are not limited to DLL files. To use Resource Monitor to view all handles and modules associated with a process, in the Image column of the CPU tab, select the check box next to the name of the process for which you want to see associated handles and modules. Selected processes move to the top of the column.
Click the title bars of the Associated Handles and Associated Modules tables to expand them. An orange bar below the title bar of each table shows the processes you have selected. Review the results in the detail tables. If you need to identify the processes that use a handle, click the Search Handles box in the title bar of the Associated Handles table.
Type the name of the handle you want to search for, and then click Search. The search string is not case sensitive, and wildcards are not supported. Process Explorer tells you which program has a particular file or directory open and displays information about which handles and DLLs processes have opened or loaded. You can use either Process Explorer or Resource Monitor to determine which applications are responsible for activity on your hard disk, including which files and folders are being accessed.
When it opens, Process Explorer displays a list of the currently active processes, as shown in Figure You can toggle the lower pane on and off and select to view handles or DLLs.
In Handle mode, you can see the handles that the process selected in the top window has opened. The Process Explorer search capability discovers which processes have particular handles opened or DLLs loaded. The mini-graphs show history of system activity, and resting the mouse over a point on a graph displays the associated time and the process information.
Clicking on any of the mini-graphs opens the System Information screen, as shown in Figure Difference highlighting helps you see what items change between refreshes.
Items—including processes, DLLs, and handles—that exit or are closed show in red and new items show in green. Red in the CPU usage graph indicates CPU usage in kernel mode, whereas green is the sum of kernel-mode and user-mode execution. When Committed Virtual Memory reaches the system Commit Limit, applications and the system become unstable.
The Commit Limit is the sum of most of the physical memory and the sizes of any paging files. You can reorder columns in Process Explorer by dragging them to their new position. To select which columns of data you want visible in each of the views and the status bar, click Select Columns on the View menu or right-click a column header and click Select Columns. You can save a column configuration and its associated settings by clicking Save Column Set on the View menu.
On the Options menu, you can choose to have Process Explorer open instead of Task Manager whenever Task Manager is started, or you can ensure that the Processor Explorer window is always on top and always visible.
You can specify that only one instance of Process Explorer is open at any one time. It does not, however, directly address performance issues. The dialog box in which this information is presented is called System Information.
Take care to distinguish between this dialog box, which is provided in Windows 7, and the System Information feature of Process Explorer, which is a downloadable tool. As an experienced IT professional, you almost certainly have used Event Viewer and event logs, and this section discusses these tools only briefly before going on to event forwarding and event subscriptions, with which you might be less familiar.
Details about event subscriptions can be found in the Subscriptions tab of the event log Properties dialog box. The General tab of this dialog box gives details such as current log size, maximum log size, and the action to take when maximum log size is reached. The easiest way to start Event Viewer is to enter eventvwr in the Start menu Search box. Event Viewer displays event logs, which are files that record significant events on a computer—for example, when a user logs on or when a program encounters an error.
You will find the details in event logs helpful when troubleshooting problems. The events recorded fall into the following categories:. The security log contains two more event categories, Audit Success and Audit Failure, that are used for auditing purposes. Event Viewer tracks information in several different logs. Windows logs include the following:. Application Stores program events. Events are classified as error, warning, or information, depending on the severity of the event. The critical error classification is not used in the Application log.
Security Stores security-related audit events that can be successful or failed. For example, the security log will record an audit success if a user trying to log on to the computer was successful. System Stores system events that are logged by Windows 7 and system services. System events are classified as critical, error, warning, or information. Forwarded Events Stores events that are forwarded by other computers. You can create custom views by clicking Create Custom View on the Event Viewer Action menu, specifying the source logs or events and filtering by level, time logged, event ID, task category, keywords, user, or computer.
You are unlikely to specify all these criteria, but this facility enables you to refine your search to where you think a problem might be occurring rather than searching through a very large number of events. Figure shows a custom view specification. A filter is not persistent. Windows pc maintenance pc performance pc performance for windows system utilities for windows 7.
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