Thomas Edison Throughout the next hundred years, many inventors and scientists tried to find a way to use electrical power to make light. In , the American inventor Thomas Edison was finally able to produce a reliable, long-lasting electric light bulb in his laboratory. TVA is a federally-owned corporation in the United States that was created in to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee River Valley, a region that was particularly hard hit by the Great Depression.
Today the TVA is the nation's largest public power company, providing electric power to nearly 8. It acts primarily as an electric power wholesaler, selling to retail power distributors and 61 directly served industrial or government customers.
Power comes from dams providing hydroelectric power, fossil-fuel plants, and nuclear power plants. In , the state's annual oil output of less than , barrels was the lowest since The Memphis refinery also receives additional crude oil transported by barge on the Mississippi River. Refined petroleum products are shipped out by truck and barge, and a pipeline delivers jet fuel directly to the Memphis airport.
Tennessee has no significant proved natural gas reserves and its natural gas production is small. Tennessee's natural gas needs are met by several interstate pipelines that supply the state as they transport natural gas to markets in the East and the Midwest. Nearly fourth-fifths of the natural gas that enters Tennessee now comes by pipeline through Kentucky, and almost all of the rest arrives by way of Mississippi. Typically, about four-fifths of the natural gas that enters Tennessee continues on to other states.
The recent steady increase in natural gas consumption in the state is mainly due to increases in the electric power sector, where use was about 32 times greater in than in Tennessee's estimated recoverable coal reserves are small, accounting for about 0. Coal production in Tennessee peaked in at around 11 million tons, but has steadily fallen since then. The Tennessee legislature passed legislation in to return regulation of the mining industry from the federal government to the state, after the state lost regulatory oversight in the s.
There are untapped lignite coal reserves in western Tennessee. Tennessee uses about 50 times more coal than it produces. Tennessee's coal-fired power plants rely on coal delivered by rail and river barge from other states, primarily Illinois and Kentucky. Endnotes 1 World Atlas, Tennessee, accessed June 3, Net, Physical Map of Tennessee, accessed June 3, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Tennessee, accessed June 4, EIA, U.
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Proved Reserves, Year-end , Table 6, Proved reserves, reserves changes, and production of crude oil and lease condensate, Gasoline Requirements January With lower average household incomes and less efficient heating and cooling systems, Memphis residents pay the highest share of their income for electricity of any major U.
Lyash is determined to help Memphians reduce their energy burden, especially in low- income neighborhoods, by expanding TVA initiatives to promote energy conservation and efficiency. During a visit to Memphis last week, Lyash said "Memphis should take a lead" because the need for promoting more energy efficiency to aid local communities is greatest in Memphis and he hopes to expand such programs across the valley.
But environmental groups and outside power producers insist there is a cheaper alternative for supplying power to Memphis than the Tennessee Valley Authority.
To ensure reliability, the regional transmission organization known as the Midwest Intercontinental Service Operator could supply power to Memphis as needed. Herman Morris Jr. The environmental groups have joined in an odd political alliance with former Chattanooga developer Franklin Haney in pushing Memphis to split with TVA. Haney wants Memphis to buy the power he thinks he could cheaply produce if he is able to complete the purchase and construction of the unfinished Bellefonte Nuclear Power Plant in Hollywood, Alabama.
Haney has employed several lobbyists on his behalf to push for MLGW to consider buying Bellefonte power if he can finish the twin- reactor facility, which TVA quit building more than three decades ago.
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