Flammable and combustible liquids exhibit multiple health hazards besides fire. Examples of health hazards that are associated with various flammable solvents are listed in Table 1. Almost all flammable and combustible liquid waste is considered hazardous. It is the mixture of the vapors they produce coming into contact with air that actually burns.
The rate at which a liquid produces flammable vapors depends upon its vapor pressure. And, the vaporization rate increases as the temperature increases. Therefore, flammable and combustible liquids are more hazardous at elevated temperatures than at room temperature. Vapors can flow from open liquid containers containing flammables and combustibles.
These vapors from flammable and combustible liquids are heavier than air, so they collect in low areas like sewers, pits, trenches and basements if ventilation is not adequate. A vapor trail can spread far away from the liquid. If it comes in contact with an ignition source, the fire produced can flash back all the way to the liquid.
Because of this vapor trail, flashback and fire can happen even if the actual liquid is hundreds of feet or several floors away. Because their vapors ignite and burn easily, flammable and combustible liquids have strict storage requirements. Here are some basic storage requirements :.
Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used for storage and handling of flammable liquids. Approved safety cans or Department of Transportation approved containers shall be used for the handling and use of flammable liquids in quantities of 5 gallons or less, except that this shall not apply to those flammable liquid materials which are highly viscid extremely hard to pour , which may be used and handled in original shipping containers.
For quantities of one gallon or less, the original container may be used, for storage, use and handling of flammable liquids. To understand the full level of risk caused by Class 3 Flammable Liquids and other hazardous chemicals you need to look at four different areas:. Highly Flammable. Will ignite when exposed to heat, sparks, and flames. Distant ignition and flash backs are possible. Used to regulate paint consistency. Vapours are released when containers are opened and chemical transferred to the paint tin.
Difficult to assess the amount of ignition sources in high traffic handling area. High risk. Workers handle toluene on a daily basis. Run off to sewers and drains can cause explosions. Toluene is only used indoors in small quantities. When not in use the chemical is stored in a compliant safety cabinet with spill containment. Low risk. Damage to throat, coma, death. The chemical is kept in the original containers which are well-marked and never dispensed into portable containers.
Toluene has a distinct odour and workers are highly trained. Unlikely someone would drink toluene. Always conduct your own risk assessment based on the quantities, concentrations and actual use of chemicals at your own job site. Flammable and combustible liquid licensing The repeal of the Dangerous Goods Safety Management Act has resulted in the abolition of the flammable and combustible liquids FCL licences being run by local governments.
Notifications Various notifications for hazardous chemicals are required under the WHS Regulation which are relevant to the use, storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids including for: exceeding the prescribed manifest quantity exceeding 10 per cent of the schedule 15 MHF prescribed quantity abandoned underground tanks pipelines used to convey schedule 11 hazardous chemicals authorisation to use, handle or store prohibited or restricted hazardous chemicals or carcinogens.
Service stations Service stations are a likely place that a member of the public comes into contact with flammable and combustible liquids on a regular basis. More information More information on controlling risks associated with flammable and combustible liquids under the Work Health and Safety Act is available in the Managing risks of hazardous chemicals in the workplace Code of practice PDF, 1.
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